The resources listed below are available as links. Most can be accessed in their entirety, for others only portions are available at the discretion of the publisher. If a paywall is known to be in effect, we have noted it after the citation. To the best of our knowledge, Books are available as purchaser only.  

Scientific Literature

Natural History:
  • Borkin, 1982, Notes on Shifting Distribution Patterns and Survival of Immature Danaus Plexippus (Lepidoptera: Danaidae) on the Food Plant Asclepias Syriaca (PDF, 9 pages)  (Link) 
  • Erickson, 1973, The utilization of various Asclepias species by larvae of the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus  (PDF, 16 pgs)  (Link) 

Migration:
  • Flockhart et al., 2013, Tracking multi-generational colonization of the breeding grounds by monarch butterflies in eastern North America  (Link)
  • Freedman et al., 2017, Nonmigratory monarchs retain migratory ability (abstract only – paywall)  (Link)
  • Miller et al., 2012, Migratory Connectivity of the Monarch Butterfly (Danaus plexippus): Patterns of Spring Re-Colonization in Eastern North America  (Link)
  • Reppart and Roode, 2018,  Demystifying monarch butterfly migration  (Link)
  • Urquhart and Urquhart, 1978, Autumnal migration routes of the eastern population of the monarch butterfly (Danaus p. plexippus L.; Danaidae; Lepidoptera) in North America to the overwintering site in the Neovolcanic Plateau of Mexico (abstract only – paywall)  (Link)

Breeding:
  • Grant et al., 2018, Predicting monarch movement and egg laying with model (abstract only – paywall)  (Link)
  • Pitman et al., 2018, Patterns and causes of oviposition in monarch butterflies: implications for milkweed restoration  (Link)
  • Zaya et al., 2017, Long-term trends in midwestern milkweed abundances and their relevance to monarch butterfly declines  (Link)
  • Koch et al., 2003, Susceptibility of immature monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Danainae), to predation by Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) (abstract only – paywall)  (Link)

Habitat:
  • Fischer et al., 2014, Enhancing monarch butterfly reproduction by mowing fields of common milkweed  (Link)
  • Kasten, 2016, Can roadside habitat lead monarchs to recovery? (abstract only – paywall)  (Link)

Threats:
  • Agrawal and Inamine, 2018, Mechanisms behind monarch decline (PDF, 10 pgs)  (Link)
  • Bartel et al., 2011, Monarch butterfly migration and parasite transmission in eastern North America  (Link)
  • Faldyn et al., 2018, Climate change and an invasive tropical milkweed: an ecological trap for monarch butterflies  (Link)
  • Lemoine, 2015, Climate change may alter breeding ground distributions of eastern migratory monarchs
    (Danaus plexippus) via range expansion of Asclepias host plants      (Link)
  • Pleasants and Oberhauser, 2012, Milkweed loss in agricultural fields because of herbicide use: effect on the monarch butterfly population  (PDF, 10 pgs)  (Link)
  • Wright and Wimberly, 2013, Recent land use change in the Western Corn Belt threatens grasslands and wetlands  (PDF, 6 pgs)  (Link)

Conservation:
  • Jepsen et al., Conservation Status and Ecology of the Monarch Butterfly in the United States (PDF, 35 pgs)  (Link)
  • Pleasants, 2017, Milkweed restoration in the Midwest for monarch butterfly recovery: estimates of milkweeds lost, milkweeds remaining and milkweeds that must be added to increase the monarch population (abstract only – paywall)  (Link)
  • Ries and Oberhauser, 2015, A citizen army for science: quantifying the contributions of citizen scientists to our understanding of monarch butterfly biology  (Link)
  • Thogmartin et al., 2017, Restoring monarch butterfly habitat in the Midwestern US: 'all hands on deck' (PDF, 11 pgs)  (Link)
  • Vidal and Rendón-Salinas, 2014, Dynamics and trends of overwintering colonies of the monarch butterfly in Mexico  (Link)

Conservation Plans:
  • Monarch Conservation Implementation Plan 2018 – national plan by Monarch joint Venture  (PDF, 31 pgs)  (Link)
    ​

Books

Links to Amazon are included only as a convenience to our users.  We do not endorse any specific publisher or retailer.
  • ​Landscape Conservation Cooperative Network: Urban Monarch Conservation Guidebook (The Field Museum/Landscape Conservation Cooperative Network, 2017, 24 pgs., PDF) (Link)
  • Learning from Monarchs, a Teacher's Handbook (University of Minnesota's Monarch Lab, 2010, 47 pg., ISBN-10: 0965747271, ISBN-13: 978-0965747271)   (Link)
  • Monarchs and Milkweed: a migrating butterfly, a poisonous plant, and their remarkable story of coevolution (Princeton University Press, 2017, 296 pg., ISBN-10: 9780691166353, ISBN-13: 978-0691166353)  (Link)
  • Monarchs in a changing world: biology and conservation of an iconic butterfly (Cornell University Press, 2015, 336 pg., ISBN-10: 0801453151, ISBN-13: 978-0801453151)  (Link)
  • Monarchs, Milkweeds and More: a field guide to the invertebrate community in the milkweed patch (Bas Relief Publishing, 2018 (2nd edition), 80 pg., ISBN-10: 0965747239, ISBN-13: 978-0965747233)  (Link)
  • The Monarch Butterfly: biology and conservation (Comstock Publishing Associates, 2004, 256 pg., ISBN-10: 0801441889, ISBN-13: 978-0801441882)  (Link)
  • University of Minnesota, Monarch Lab's store: books  (Link)

Brochures/Fact Sheets

HelpFul Websites/Links

  • Field Museum, Keller Science Action Center, Urban Monarch Conservation  (Link)
  • Jouney North  (Link)
  • Monarch Health and Parasites  (Link)
  • Monarch Lab (University of Minnesota)  (Link)
  • MonarchNet: The North American network of monarch butterfly monitoring programs  (Link)
  • Monarch Tagging  (Link)
  • Monarch Joint Venture  (Link)
  • Monarch Watch  (Link)
  • Pollinators.org - Are Monarchs at Risk  (Link)
  • USDA-Forest Service:  The Monarch Butterfly in North America  (Link)
  • US-FWS:  Assessing the status of the monarch butterfly  (Link)
  • West Virginia Department of Natural Resources - The Monarch Butterfly  (Link)
  • Xerces:  Monarch Conservation  (Link)

Webinars

  • Monarch Joint Venture - Monarch Conservation Webinar Series  (Link)
  • National Fish and Wildlife Fund - 2018 webinar for applicants submitting proposals to the Monarch Butterfly and Pollinators Conservation Fund  (Link)
  • US Environmental Protection Agency, FGC Webinar: Supporting Monarch Butterflies as Pollinators; A New Mapping Tool and Case Study  (Link)
  • US Fish & Wildlife Service - Monarch Butterfly Conservation Webinar Series  (Link)
  • US Fish & Wildlife Service - Monarch Butterfly Conservation Webinar Series via YouTube  (Link)
  • US EPA, FGC Webinar: Supporting Monarch Butterflies as Pollinators; A New Mapping Tool and Case Study  (Link)

Videos

  • Raising Monarchs, Encouraging Egg Laying (Rich Lund, YouTube, 10:47 minutes) (Link)
  • Raising Monarchs, Part 1 - Finding Eggs (Rich Lund, YouTube, 11:51 minutes)  (Link)
  • Raising Monarchs, Part 2 - Hatching Eggs (Rich Lund, YouTube, 8:00 minutes)   (Link)
  • Raising Monarchs, Part 3 - Caring for Caterpillars (Rich Lund, YouTube, 10:40 minutes)  (Link)
  • Raising Monarchs, Part 4 - The Chrysalis (Rich Lund, YouTube, 12:18 minutes)  (Link)
  • Raising Monarchs, Part 5 - Releasing Adults (Rich Lund, YouTube 15:29 minutes )  (Link)
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